With a population of about 395,000, it is the US’ 46th largest city.
Puerto Rico’s capital and largest municipality is San Juan, established in 1521 by the Spanish colonialists. El Yunque National Forest is the rainiest place on the island, while Guanica Biosphere Reserve and State Forest is the driest place. The north receives an annual rainfall of 1,550 mm while the south receives 910 mm. However, the island receives more rain between May and October, a period coinciding with the hurricane season.
Rainfall is distributed evenly all year round. The easterly winds, which blow across the island year-round, moderate rainfall and temperature. The southern regions are always warmer than the northern region, while the central parts are cooler than the rest of the island. Puerto Rico’s climate is classified as tropical rainforest, with an average temperature of 85 degrees Fahrenheit in lower regions and 70 degrees Fahrenheit in the mountains. The island’s second major earthquake occurred on January 7, 2020, with an estimated magnitude of 6.4. The tsunami triggered by the earthquake swept the island’s west coast, causing extensive destruction, including about 118 deaths and destruction of property worth $4-$29 million.
The 1918 San Fermin earthquake, with a magnitude of 7.1, struck the island at 1014hr local time, along the Puerto Rico Trench. On October 11, 1918, Puerto Rico experienced one of the worst earthquakes in its history. The tectonic stressors that are deforming the plates cause them to interact, leading to seismic events. Because Puerto Rico lies on the boundary between the North American and Caribbean plates, the archipelago is prone to earthquakes and tsunamis.
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